What type of technology do CDs, DVDs and Blu-ray use?

 


When it comes to high-definition (HD) video playback, Blu-ray is the optical disc data storage format that is most often employed. As television systems transitioned from analog to digital transmission, high-definition television (HDTV) became available, providing a visual resolution that is significantly higher (1,920 by 1,080 pixels) than that of regular television (usually 720 by 480 pixels).


Motion pictures were particularly well suited for display on wide flat-panel HDTV screens, and in 2002 two competing but incompatible technologies for storing high-definition video on a CD-sized disc were introduced: HD DVD, proposed by Toshiba and the NEC Corporation, and Blu-ray, proposed by a group led by Sony.


HD DVD was the first of these technologies to be introduced, and it was the first of its kind. Using a laser to emit light in the blue-violet range of the visible spectrum, both approaches were used to achieve their results.


The technology used in CDs, DVDs, and Blu- Ray


Blu-ray is the third generation of compact disc (CD) technology, following audio compact discs and digital video discs, and is the most expensive (DVDs). Each of the three methods stores data on a plastic disc with a diameter of 120 millimeters (4.75 inches) or less. A spiral track is formed on the disc as a result of the data being encoded in pits.


An ultraviolet laser with an emission wavelength of 405 nanometres, which reads the pits, is used. A more tightly coiled spiral track is possible with Blu-ray discs because the laser used in Blu-ray is of a shorter wavelength than the laser used in DVDs (635 or 650 nanometres). As a result, the Blu-ray disc can store far more data than the DVD.


An individual Blu-ray disc stores 25 gigabytes (GB), however a dual-layer Blu-ray disc (which has two layers of information, one on top of the other) carries 50 gigabytes (GB). A single-layer DVD, on the other hand, has a capacity of only 4.7 GB.


A Brief background from its origination


Due to the presence of two incompatible technologies on the market, customers were hesitant to acquire next-generation players for fear that one standard will be out competed by the other and render their purchase ineffective.


In addition, movie studios faced a potentially costly dilemma if they continued to develop films for the defunct format, while computer and software companies were concerned about the sort of disc drive that would be required for their products to function properly.


Those uncertainties increased the pressure on the entertainment sector to choose a format, and in 2008, Blu-ray was unanimously recognized as the preferred standard. Toshiba's company has halted the development of high-definition DVDs.


Already at that point, questions were being raised about the viability of even the new Blu-ray discs, given the growing availability of high-definition streaming movies online and the availability of cloud computing services, which allowed consumers to store vast amounts of digitized data in massive data banks.


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